Annual report on intra-EU labour mobility

This annual report presents updated insights into labour mobility developments in the European Union (EU) and European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries using data for 2023 and 2024. The analysis encompasses the mobility of all working-age EU citizens (aged 20-64). Chapter 1 presents the movement and characteristics of the mobile population in the EU and EFTA. Chapter 2 expands on the labour market participation and integration of EU movers. Chapter 3 looks at the duration of mobility spells, distinguishing between long-term and short-term mobility, and builds on the analysis presented in the 2019 edition of this report. Chapter 4 examines how, where and under what conditions recent 40+ EU movers relocated across borders (i.e. EU mobile workers between 40 and 70 years of age who have moved to the current country of residence less than 10 years ago).